Urban heat island

Dwg file at 1:100 scale (meters)

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Nighttime thermal profiles in the urban heat island and surrounding rural area
Heat island circulations can interact in complex ways with other local circulations (sea-land breezes, valley breezes).
The effects of the nighttime heat island on air quality can be significant, but it is not known a priori whether they are positive or negative. The presence of a nocturnal mixed turbulent layer, overlaid by a thermal inversion at altitude, dilutes the local effect of polluting emissions by distributing them throughout the urban area, but can thus favor the chemical reactions that give rise to the formation of secondary particulate matter.
In the lower diagram, the circulations induced by the heat island.
Heat island circulation can bring cleaner air from the countryside, but it can also cause polluted air from industrial areas or peripheral roads to converge toward the center.

Source: Urban microclimate: impact of urbanization on local climate conditions and mitigation factors
Edited by Giovanni Bonafè
 

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